French notes: Conjugation
The bane of every French student, or so I hear. Here’re my notes on conjugation. (in progress)# Present
ER verbs
Drop ‘ER’, add ending:
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | je -e | nous -ons |
| 2nd person | tu -es | vous -ez |
| 3rd person | il -e | ils -ent |
Irregular ER verbs
- Aller: je vais, tu vas, il va, nous allons, vous allez, ils vont
- -CER verbs: for nous, change c to ç – commencer → nous commençons, to avoid making a ‘c’ sound as in ‘cold’
- -GER verbs: as for -CER verbs, we want to avoid making a hard sound, so add e after the g. manger → nous mangeons
- Stem-changing verbs (later)
IR verbs
Drop ‘IR’, add ending:
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | je -is | nous -issons |
| 2nd person | tu -is | vous -issez |
| 3rd person | il -it | ils -issent |
Irregular IR verbs
dormir, mentir, partir, sentir, servir, sortir:
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | je -s | nous -ons |
| 2nd person | tu -s | vous -ez |
| 3rd person | il -t | ils -ent |
couvrir, cueillir, découvrir, offrir, ouvrir, souffrir (conjugated like -ER verbs):
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | je -e | nous -ons |
| 2nd person | tu -es | vous -ez |
| 3rd person | il -e | ils -ent |
Completely irregular:
- asseoir
- pleuvoir
- valoir
- courir
- pouvoir
- venir
- devoir
- recevoir
- voir
- falloir
- savoir
- vouloir
- mourir
- tenir
RE verbs
Drop ‘RE’, add ending:
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | je -s | nous -ons |
| 2nd person | tu -s | vous -ez |
| 3rd person | il - | ils -ent |
Irregular RE verbs
prendre, etc:
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | je prends | nous prenons |
| 2nd person | tu prends | vous prenez |
| 3rd person | il prend | ils prennent |
battre, etc & mettre, etc:
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | je bats | nous battons |
| 2nd person | tu bats | vous battez |
| 3rd person | il bat | ils battent |
rompre etc:
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | je romps | nous rompons |
| 2nd person | tu romps | vous rompez |
| 3rd person | il rompt | ils rompent |
-aindre, -eindre, -oindre: (eg ‘peindre’)
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | je peins | nous peignons |
| 2nd person | tu peins | vous peignez |
| 3rd person | il peint | ils peignent |
Completely irregular:
…
Futur (indicatif)
ER/IR verbs: Add ending to infinitive RE verbs: Drop final E before adding ending
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | je -ai | nous -ons |
| 2nd person | tu -as | vous -ez |
| 3rd person | il -a | ils -ont |
Je parlerai Nous parlerons Tu parleras Vous parlerez Il parlera Ils parleront
Irregular verbs
Verb and future stem, to be used with above ending
- être – ser-
- avoir – aur-
- faire – fer-
- aller – ir-
- voir – verr- (and revoir)
- acheter – achèter- (and achever, amener, emmener, lever, promener)
- appeler – appeller- (and épeler, jeter, projeter, rappeler)
- devoir – devr-
- envoyer – enverr-
- essayer – essaier- (and employer, ennuyer, nettoyer, payer)
- pleuvoir – pleuvr-
- pouvoir – pourr-
- savoir – saur-
- venir – viendr- (and revenir, devenir, parvenier)
- vouloir – voudr-
Je serai ici Tu auras deux Nous ferons une promenade
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Thank you so much!!!!!!!!!!!